Visual Aura
Friday, October 19, 2018
Thursday, October 18, 2018
A SOUTH AFRICAN DESIGNER (William Kendridge)
Felix in Exile (Medienkunstnetz.de, 2018) |
In
this essay there will be a visual analysis discussing William Kentridge’s work Felix in Exile.
William Kendridge is a South African artist and designer, born on April 28,
1955 in Johannesburg, South Africa. Best known for his prints, drawings and
animated films. Kentridge’s influences are local
artist -Dumile Feni’s, charcoal and pen drawings depicting the living conditions
of Apartheid, Iconic Western artworks, social and political commentary and artist
Francis Bacon’s triptych technique.
William
Kentridge’s Felix in Exile is an animated video telling a story through scenes on
which William Kentridge worked from 1989 to 1999. Felix in Exile design work
consists of moving images that create a video effect. Each drawing which
contains a single scene, is successively altered through erasing and redrawing
and photographed in 16 or 35mm film at each stage of its evolution.( medienkunstnetz.de,
2018).
He
will draw, erase and rework the same piece many times. Before he erases each
version, he photographs it. Each photograph becomes a scene in the animated
short film.(cnn.com, 2018)
There
is use of rhythm, in the Felix in Exile the movement is created by one scene to
the next. Each object has a meaning. The flow and rhythm is seen when viewing
the artwork from the left side moving to the right. Kentridge’s style is
described as “grubby” and “primitive”.
Kentridge
can not be classified-experimentation with various media he is known for his
home made animation technique-referred to as “Stone
Age”.
He believes that each object is symbolic(has a meaning). His designs of
animations are built using a stop-frame technique whereby each drawing or image
created is photographed chronologically or in the order they appear in the film.
Sequential photographs produce a narrative of film images
Many
of Kentridge's pieces portray the plight of the powerless and oppressed in
South Africa.(cnn.com, 2018).
Kentridge’s
work is interesting and can be confused sometimes. His focus on telling a story
through art is exceptional because his mentality is set on using one
medium(charcoal) and creating or designing powerful pieces.
This
piece or short film is about a girl named Nandi, Her many gazes are found in
the mirror. The drawings Felix produce flood, his sparse room like water, like
memory and longing. On the other hand, Nandi is embedded in a cosmic distance
that dissipates in the misery of black South Africa. In the topography of the
landscape, Nandi’s surveying instruments search for traces of history, for a
standard of existence, for a direction.
The
drawings and images of Felix and Nandi pile up one on of the top the other,
functioning in both cases as documents of an emotional shock. The victims of
the story are discovered on discarded daily newspapers and written as such into
the landscape. Nandi too, finds death. Felix, on the other hand, finds himself
once again in the deserted landscape of his homeland, but now with a suitcase
full of drawings. (medienkunstnetz.de, 2018).
Impact Bauhaus has had on design
Bauhaus Building |
In the
following essay the work of a German architect Walter Gropius the Bauhaus
Building will be discussed through a visual analysis. Staatliches Bauhaus also
known as the Baubaus German art school operated since 1919 to 1933. The
building is a modern architectural design.
The straight
horizontal and vertical thin lines on the Bauhaus Building form windows on the
side of the building and on the front of the building. The thick straight
horizontal lines by the red entrance door form layers of stairs, the balconies
are formed by straight medium lines which are facing an identical direction and
thick straight lines which form as a frame of the building and two extra think
lines that form a frame that divides the floors of the building.
Vega School JHB |
The design
of the Bauhaus Building is like three tetris game pieces joined together. The
pieces fit like a puzzle. It formed out of geometrical shapes which give it a
modern look.
The windows
are basic rectangular shapes. There is a basic shape within a shape(rectangle)
in every window. The entire building is formed by basic rectangular shapes.
The building
reflects limited hues which are black, white, grey and the only primary colour
which is red(warm colour).
The focal
point is the grey part of the building with the ‘Bauhaus’ name vertically
written in bold white and the bright red door as the entrance beneath the
‘Bauhaus’ name.
The
perspective of the building is that the four sections of the building which
form the entire building are faced four different directions. This also forms a
certain type of movement whereby the windows are an identical shape but facing
different directions and the balconies are the same shape yet facing different
directions. This creates a flow that forms repetition and rhythm.
The space is
formed by the main elements of the building which is the glass on the front of
the two- three storey buildings connected by a one storey building
The balance
of the building is asymmetrical. It is an off-centre balance because there is
no central view, somehow when the pieces are combined they make a balanced,
harmonious, complete whole(unity).
The contrast
is created by the black and white hues. The textures are smooth and small
shapes are combined with large shapes to create a dramatic feel.
The glass
facade the load-bearing framework allows a view of the interior workings. The
view creates an impression of transparency. Looks like the multiple windows
attract light beautifully.
The concept
of the building design idea was founded within an idea of creating a work of
art. The Bauhaus style later became one of the most influential style in modern
design.
The Bauhaus
Building is designed in a way that it tells a story. Every section of the
building is designed to reflect the purpose of the school and what the school
provides in terms of the teachings.
The impact
Bauhaus has had on design today is impeccable. As a Vega student I have noticed
Gropius style in the architecture. From the shelters outside, the geometric
structure of the walls to the red, grey and white colours around the school
building.
“The guiding
principle was that design is neither an intellectual nor a material affair, but
simply an integral part of the stuff of life, necessary for everyone in a
civilized society”- Walter Gropius
ART VS DESIGN (Pablo Picasso VS William Kentridge)
Pablo Picasso (Artist) |
The
difference between Art and Design: The subject of what separates art and design
is convoluted and has been debated for a long time. Artists and designers both
create visual compositions using a shared knowledge base, but their reasons for
doing so are entirely different.
William Kentridge (Designer) |
If
design can be interpreted then it has failed it’s purpose. The purpose of
design is functionality, it is not just to look at and admire, it is for usage
and purpose. Design comes in different fields.
The design thinking
process will assist in elaborating the ‘design’ purpose further below:
Design
Thinking is a human-centered creative problem-solving process that provides the
"how-to" in order to think "outside the box."
Empathize- Watch and
listen, observe and engage. To understand and “put yourself in someone else’s
shoes”
Define- Describe
or state the meaning of something. The reason we define is to craft a problem
which result in your “point of view”. Your “POV” determines the right challenge
to address.
Ideate- the
formation of an idea. How one would imagine or conceive an idea. Ideation is
not about figuring out the perfect idea. It is about the process in which you
go through and how many possibilities you can create.
Prototype- Purpose is
to answer any outstanding questions about the usability.
Test- Establishing
the quality performance or reliability.
Examples of Art VS Design:
Pablo Picasso is an
artist who painted the ‘Guenica’ a mural done by oil paint. It’s purpose is to
evoke a feeling and sense of connection.
William Kendridge is
an animation designer who designed an animated video called ‘Felix in Exile’
telling a story through scenes. The purpose is to entertain
*Design is
solving a problem. Art is raising a question.
*Design
is conclusive. Art is an open debate.
*Design
is being an actor and following a script. Art is writing and interpreting your
own story.
*Design
is the mind looking for solutions. Art is the voice of the soul.
*Design
needs a collective acceptance. Art only needs an inner approval.
*Design
is an act of empathy. Art is an act of freedom.
(Creativebloq.com,2018)
Wednesday, October 17, 2018
T.R.E (Modernism, Postmodernism, Contemporary) Fashion
Coco Chanel |
In
the essay of The Evolution of Fashion Design the historical movements of
Modernism, Postmodernism and Contemporary design will be discussed. Trends
varied and changed overtime, from elegant dresses which were a simple design
for a woman’s silhouette (Chanel), to punk style were style of clothing was
oversized with too much unnecessary detailing. Fashion/ style then became
contemporary, exaggerated the woman’s silhouette and mixed mediums to created
innovated garments.
Coco
Chanel, an elegant and classic style (modernism). Chanel used a form of
straight lines and comfort as function when it came to the garments. Chanel’s
style was designed to make women feel elegant, important and beautiful in the
garments. The use of hue of black because it is easier to accessorise black
with anything.
Vivienne Westwood |
Vivienne
Westwood , a casual, punk-rock style (postmodernism). Westwood’s fashion/style
is known for it’s messy cuts, oversized and dark colours, repetition of
detailing forming a different silhouette. The function of the garments is to
feel free and comfortable. The fabric used is to hold the design of the garment
in place(leather, cotton and wool) to avoid easy wrinkling and yet easy to
manipulate.
Alex McQueen |
Alexander McQueen, this style is complex and known as the current trend
(contemporary). McQueen used manipulates the human body form by using mixed
mediums which are not necessarily comfortable form of function. The aim is to
show innovation and futuristic garment possibilities and to catch a human’s eye
from an artistic perspective. McQueen uses 3- dimensional shapes to design
haute couture garments which are not prĂȘt-a-porta(ready-wear), meaning they are
only meant for ‘show’.
Chanel, Westwood and McQueen(modernism, postmodernism and contemporary)
are relevant to their period because in 1926 Chanel introduced the style of
simplicity, encouraging women to fall in love with themselves by designing
simplicity and elegance and making it an eye catcher. In 1977 Westwood made
sure the world knows that imperfection is beautiful, designing garment that
were unapologetic and strong. Incorporating that power comes in different
forms, sizes, colour and shapes. Westwood’s messy cuts and oversized garments
became an evolution of art. And in the 2000s, McQueen’s style took the universe
by storm. McQueen’s style represents the future, it uses various mixed mediums
to create ‘a beautiful mess’. The aim is not to function, the aim is to create
hype and send out a strong message that fashion or style does not necessarily
mean something you wear to look good. Fashion or style means something that
makes a statement and tells people who you are without uttering a single word.
Compare and Contrast (Phillip Johnson vs Frank Gehry) Postmodernism/ Deconstructism
Mcknight, J. 2015. The Sony Tower (Mcknight, 2018) |
In this compare and contrast essay a formal analysis of P. Johnson ‘ The Sony Tower’ constructed in 1984 and F. Gehry ‘The Walt Disney Concert Hall’ completed in 2003 will be discussed
Rennie, J. 2013. Walt Disney Concert Hall (Archdaily, 2018) |
Originally designed for American
communications giant AT&T, Philip Johnson Postmodern skyscraper was the
first of its kind. Now known as the Sony Tower, the building remains
controversial.(Dezeen.com, 2018).
The
Walt Disney Concert Hall has received wide acclaim for its excellent acoustics
and distinctive architecture. The hall's sweeping, metallic surfaces have
become associated with Frank Gehry’s signature style.(Archdaily.com, 2018).
The Sony Tower is totally different compared
to The Walt Disney Concert Hall. The
Sony Tower is structured in a skyscraper form, it is build for length and not
width. The Walt Disney Concert Hall on the other hand is in a deconstructive
form, it is build incorporate form following function.
The lines used in The Sony Tower are
horizontal and vertical lines and the windows are all in a rectangle shape. The
lines shooting south are thick and multiplied to shape the windows creating
repetition. The space is not so visible because of the multiple dark in colour
windows which are so close to each other making the building to appear to be
thin. The colours are natural like hues of black and grey. The texture is
rather smooth and there is no complexity.
The Lines used in The Walt Disney Concert
Hall are curvy creating a flow and a form of repetition. The metallic material
wall waves in non-existing order forming some type of rhythm, it makes sense
because it is build for musical performances. The windows are in a rectangle
shape, they have a mirror effect to attract light and shine and they have
silver frames in colour to match the rest of the building which is also silver
in colour. The texture is smooth. Actually too smooth, it is like the feel of
anything liquid would easily slide effortlessly. It is definitely a complex
structure.
The form of The Sony Tower resembles the
Michel Angelo building in Sandton, there is not much to notice but the multiple
windows, the crown looking roof and the natural dull colours like greys and
creams and it’s brass and marble finishes on the interior. Because Sony is an
audio and electronics company, I would like to believe that building was
designed to look like a giant speaker.
The form of The Walt Disney Concert Hall is a
single volume, with orchestra and audience occupying the same space. It’s
function is that the seats are located on each side of the stage, providing
some audience members with distant views of the performers’ sheet music. The
steel roof structure spans the entire space, eliminating the need for interior
columns.(archdaily.com, 2018).
Both
buildings, The Sony Tower and The Walt Disney Concert Hall have one thing in
common which is that they both about/ inspired by music. Both buildings are
constructed to deliver form that follows function. They are built with a
purpose.
Falling Water by Frank Lloyd Wright (Contemporary Architecture Design)
Forcett, K. 2017. Falling Water (Mentalfloss.com, 2018) |
In
this essay a visual analysis of F. L Wright, Falling Water, constructed from
1938 will be discussed. His use of elements indicated unity with nature.
Wright
uses line in this design by using the shelter to face the same direction as the
stairs and the line of the windows to face the opposite side, he is creating a
balance in this structure to form unity with nature.
Repetition
in this design is formed by the same colour and structure in every floor.
Horizontal lines on the balconies are used, the walls and stairs face one
direction. That way the whole design looks like a stairs structure forming
repetition.
In
this design space is used the multiple addition of glass and windows. By using
multiple windows Wright is specifically creating more space by letting the
outside in (nature in). Meaning the natural light occupies the inside of the
building and creates a natural form(when you’re inside it feels like you’re
outside).
Natural
colour is used to match the trees and the water likes brown, grey and washed up
white (cream). He avoids bright colours to keep the nature alive around the
structure.
The
texture is smooth when it comes to the balconies and the brick wall is quite
rough. The roughness of the brick wall forms a similarity with nature, making
both the structure and nature one thing.
Wright
basically incorporates nature. His use of line is inspired by the long tree
branches that grow straight up. The repetition is inspired by the flow of the tree
leaves. The space design is simply inspired by natural sunlight and freedom of
nature. The smooth texture is inspired by the calmness of the surroundings and
the roughness is inspired by the rocks which are dominated by the water fall.
Last, but not least the colours like brown, grey and cream are inspired by the
trees, rocks and the water and avoiding bright colours to maintain the natural
feel and vision.
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